Hemorrhoid embolization is a minimally invasive treatment that may help reduce bleeding and other symptoms caused by internal hemorrhoids. Instead of removing hemorrhoids through surgery, the procedure uses image guidance and a small catheter to reduce blood flow to the abnormal hemorrhoidal tissue. For appropriate patients, this can provide relief with no incision in the anal area and a shorter recovery than traditional surgery.
Hemorrhoids are common and can cause bleeding, itching, pressure, discomfort, or tissue that protrudes during bowel movements. Many people improve with fiber, hydration, topical treatments, or office-based procedures. However, when symptoms continue or return, it may be time to explore additional options.
At Colorado Advanced Endovascular (CAE), hemorrhoid embolization is offered as a non-surgical treatment option for patients with persistent symptoms who may benefit from a minimally invasive approach.
What Are Hemorrhoids?
Hemorrhoids are swollen blood vessels in or around the anus and lower rectum. Internal hemorrhoids develop inside the rectum, while external hemorrhoids form under the skin around the anus.
Internal hemorrhoids are more likely to cause painless rectal bleeding, pressure, or prolapse. External hemorrhoids may cause itching, irritation, tenderness, or a visible lump.
Common symptoms can include:
- Bright red blood during or after bowel movements
- Itching or irritation around the anus
- Rectal pressure or a feeling of fullness
- Pain or discomfort
- Tissue that protrudes during bowel movements
- Ongoing symptoms despite diet changes or topical treatments
Rectal bleeding should always be evaluated by a healthcare professional. Hemorrhoids are common, but bleeding can also be caused by other digestive conditions that require different care.
When Might Hemorrhoid Embolization Be Considered?
Many people find relief with conservative care, such as increased fiber, fluids, stool-softening strategies, and topical treatments. Some patients may also benefit from office-based procedures or surgical treatment.
Hemorrhoid embolization may be considered when internal hemorrhoid symptoms remain bothersome despite these approaches.
You may want to discuss this option if you:
- Have persistent bleeding from internal hemorrhoids
- Continue to experience symptoms despite conservative treatment
- Want to avoid or delay hemorrhoid surgery
- Have had symptoms return after prior treatment
- Are looking for an outpatient option with less downtime
- Have health concerns that make surgery less appealing
Colorado Advanced Endovascular (CAE) evaluates each patient individually to determine whether hemorrhoid embolization is appropriate based on symptoms, medical history, and prior treatment.
How Hemorrhoid Embolization Works
Hemorrhoid embolization is performed by an interventional radiologist using real-time imaging. The procedure targets the arteries that supply blood to the internal hemorrhoids.
During treatment:
- A small catheter is inserted into an artery through the wrist or groin
- Imaging guides the catheter to the arteries supplying the hemorrhoidal tissue
- Tiny coils or embolic materials are placed to reduce blood flow
- The hemorrhoidal tissue gradually shrinks as blood flow decreases
The procedure does not involve cutting or removing tissue through the anus. It is generally performed on an outpatient basis, allowing patients to return home the same day.
Benefits of a Minimally Invasive Approach
For the right patient, hemorrhoid embolization may offer several advantages compared with more invasive treatment options.
Potential benefits include:
- No anal incision or surgical wound
- Outpatient treatment
- Less disruption to surrounding tissue
- Minimal downtime for many patients
- A non-surgical option for persistent internal hemorrhoid symptoms
- Image-guided treatment focused on the blood supply to the hemorrhoids
Results vary based on the severity of hemorrhoids, the source of symptoms, and the individual patient. A consultation can help determine whether this treatment is likely to be a good fit.
What to Expect After Treatment
Recovery after hemorrhoid embolization is usually less intensive than recovery after traditional hemorrhoid surgery. Most patients return home the day of the procedure.
A typical recovery timeline may include:
Day 1-2: Mild soreness or bruising at the access site
First few days: Light activity, hydration, and avoiding heavy lifting as directed
Within one week: Many patients return to normal routines
Over several weeks: Gradual improvement in bleeding, pressure, or discomfort
Your care team will provide individualized instructions based on your health history and treatment plan. Follow-up is important to monitor symptom improvement and address any ongoing concerns.
When Should You Seek Prompt Medical Care?
Hemorrhoid symptoms can be uncomfortable, but certain symptoms need more urgent attention.
Seek prompt medical evaluation for:
- Heavy or persistent rectal bleeding
- Black or tar-like stools
- Severe rectal pain
- Fever, chills, or signs of infection
- Dizziness, fainting, or weakness with bleeding
- New or unexplained changes in bowel habits
These symptoms may not be caused by hemorrhoids and should be assessed by a healthcare professional.
Frequently Asked Questions
What is hemorrhoid embolization?
Hemorrhoid embolization is a minimally invasive treatment for internal hemorrhoids. It reduces blood flow to the abnormal hemorrhoidal tissue through a small catheter placed in an artery.
Is hemorrhoid embolization surgery?
No. It is an image-guided outpatient procedure and does not involve surgical removal of hemorrhoids or an incision in the anal area.
Can hemorrhoid embolization help with bleeding?
It may help reduce bleeding from symptomatic internal hemorrhoids by decreasing blood flow to the affected tissue.
Who may be a good candidate for hemorrhoid embolization?
Patients with persistent internal hemorrhoid symptoms, especially bleeding that has not improved with conservative treatment, may be candidates. A consultation is needed to determine whether it is appropriate.
How long does recovery take?
Many patients return to light activity quickly and resume normal routines within about a week. Recovery varies by patient.
Does hemorrhoid embolization treat external hemorrhoids?
Hemorrhoid embolization is generally used for internal hemorrhoids. A specialist can help determine which treatment is best for external hemorrhoids or mixed symptoms.
Will I need other treatment after embolization?
Some patients experience lasting relief, while others may need additional care depending on their symptoms and hemorrhoid severity.
Take the Next Step Toward Relief
Persistent hemorrhoid symptoms do not have to become something you simply manage around. If bleeding, pressure, or discomfort is affecting your daily life, a consultation can help clarify your treatment options.
Colorado Advanced Endovascular provides minimally invasive, patient-focused care for people in Lakewood, Denver, and surrounding Colorado communities. Learn more about Hemorrhoid Treatment or schedule an appointment to discuss whether hemorrhoid embolization may be right for you.